History Of Manga-about Gekiga (1):- Gekiga means Japanese is "dramatic pictures." The term was coined by Yoshihiro Tatsumiand adopted by other more serious Japanese cartoonists who did not want their trade to be known as mangaor "whimsical pictures." It's akin to Americans who started using the term " graphic novel" as opposed to " comic book" for the same reason. Tatsumi began publishing "gekiga" in 1957. Gekiga was vastly different from most manga at the time, which were aimed at children. These "dramatic pictures" emerged not from the mainstream manga publications in Tokyo headed by Osamu Tezukabut from the lending libraries based out of Osaka. The lending library industry tolerated more experimental and offensive works to be published than the mainstream "Tezuka camp" during this time period. By the late 1960s and early 1970s the children who grew up reading manga wanted something aimed at older audiences and gekiga provided for that niche. In addition this particular generation came to be known as the manga generation and read manga as a form of rebellion (which was similar to the role rock and roll played for hippiesin the United States). Manga reading was particularly common in the 1960s among anti- U.S.-Japan Security Treatyand Labor oriented student protest groups at this time. These youths became known in Japan as the " manga generation." Because of the growing popularity of these originally underground comics, even Osamu Tezukabegan to display the influence of gekiga cartoonists in works such asHi no Tori ( Phoenix), produced in the early 1970s, and especially in Adolf, produced in the early 1980s. Adolfhas heavy influences from Tatsumi's artwork, with more realistic styling and darker settings than most of Tezuka’s work. In turn Tatsumi was influenced by Tezuka though storytelling techniques.